1. What exactly happened?

• On August 7, 2025, new general U.S. import tariffs took effect, reaching up to 41% for certain countries and product categories.
• According to an executive order by Donald Trump, these tariffs do not apply to goods shipped before August 7 and arriving in the U.S. by October 5.
• The European Union has reached an agreement with the U.S. for a 15% tariff on most EU products, expected to take effect the Friday after the measures began.

2. Consequences for EU companies — direct and indirect

• Direct impact: Additional entry costs to the U.S. market, as the 15% tariff reduces margins and price competitiveness — especially in pharmaceuticals, automotive, and semiconductors.
• Export challenges: As long as the tariffs remain, European products become more expensive for U.S. importers — a challenge for high-value sectors like pharma, automotive, and tech.
• Indirect effect: If other trade partners (such as China or India) become less competitive due to higher tariffs, some supply may shift toward Europe — potentially disrupting supply chains, increasing raw material costs, and limiting access to key components.

3. What can the EU and companies do?

• Stability in uncertain times: The 15% tariff agreement brings some predictability, although it is political, not legally binding.
• Adaptation strategies:
• Market diversification: Seek new markets and reduce dependence on the U.S.
• Supply chain optimization: Consider bypassing U.S. intermediaries; look for local or alternative components.
• Pressure on EU institutions to stabilize and legally formalize the agreement — boosting predictability and investment security.

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 4. Why is this important for Slovenian companies?

• While Slovenian exports to the U.S. are not large in volume, many Slovenian exporters are part of complex EU value chains — including automotive, pharma, and tech suppliers — making any cost increase impactful for competitiveness and flexibility.
• Companies must prepare for higher export costs, explore alternative solutions, and anticipate longer delivery times.

Summary:

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